推拿联合正念冥想对公职人员颈、腰椎疼痛伴压力情绪的应用
摘要
关键词
推拿;正念冥想;公职人员;颈、腰椎疼痛;压力情绪
正文
Application of Massage Therapy Combined with Mindfulness Meditation for Neck and Lumbar Pain and Stress-Related Emotional Distress in Public Servants
Sun Yue,Yuan Xiaoyu,Liu Yongling
(Yichun Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Yichun,Jiangxi,336000)
Abstract:[Objective]To explore the effectiveness of massage combined with mindfulness meditation in relieving neck and lumbar pain and stress emotions among public officials.[Methods]A total of 60 public officials aged 25-60 who sought treatment at the Yiyang Clinic of our hospital from August 2024 to August 2025 due to neck and lumbar pain accompanied by stress emotions that affected their work were selected as the research subjects.Using a random number table,participants were randomly assigned to either the observation group or the control group,with 30 people in each group.The observation group received massage for two weeks plus mindfulness meditation practice for three weeks,while the control group only received conventional massage therapy and self-care guidance for two weeks.The intervention effects were assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale(NRS)for pain and the Perceived Stress Scale(PSS-14)before and after the tests.[Results]After the same period of massage therapy,the post-treatment stress emotion scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant.[Conclusion]This study provides new perspectives and methods for applying tuina combined with mindfulness meditation in occupational stress management and suggests incorporating it into health management plans for public servants.This approach helps reduce physical discomfort,effectively alleviate psychological stress,improve quality of life,and enhance work efficiency.Future research could further explore its applicability across different populations and types of pain to validate its broad effectiveness
.Key words:massage therapy;mindfulness meditation;public servants;neck and lumbar pain;stress and emotional distress
公职人员因长期伏案、活动少,颈、腰肌肉疲劳损伤,出现酸痛及椎间盘突出等症状,由疼痛引发压力情绪,降低工作效率[1]。推拿作为中医疗法,能刺激穴位和肌肉群,促进内源性阿片类物质释放,缓解疼痛[2]但解决压力情绪不足。正念冥想通过训练注意力和放松身体改善压力情绪但处理疼痛不及推拿效果[3]。本研究拟结合公职人员颈、腰椎疼痛伴压力情绪实际情况,采用推拿联合正念冥想,评估其改善效果。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料选取2024年8月-2025年8月在我院宜阳医务室就诊的25~60岁、因颈腰椎疼痛伴压力情绪影响工作的60名公职人员为研究对象。排除严重心脑血管疾病、精神疾病及药物依赖者,随机分为观察组(推拿+正念冥想)和对照组(常规推拿),各30人。两组基线资料均衡可比(P>0.05),均签署知情同意书[4]。
1.2方法
1.2.1对照组予专业推拿,重点松解肩颈及腰背肌群。手法含点按、揉捏、叩击等。每日1次,每次30min,每周5次,2周/疗程。
1.2.2观察组基于对照组,治疗前后用NRS[5]、PSS-14[6]测评。推拿期间同步行正念冥想(每周5次,每次15min),含15min会谈;个性化心理疏导3次/周。3周后复测评估疗效。
1.2.2.1正念冥想理论:源于佛教,现广泛应用于多元文化,是一种心理训练方法。它教导人们聚焦当下,接纳而不评判或抵抗任何感受、想法和身体感觉[7]。通过训练可提升专注力与情绪调控能力[8],有效减少焦虑和抑郁症状,长期练习能减少疲劳、压力和倦怠,减缓细胞衰老,促进幸福感[9]。
1.2.2.2正念冥想引导:平躺诊疗床,双手置体侧,双脚微开放松。闭眼专注呼吸,深吸缓呼,感受空气进出鼻腔[10],留意吸气时能量入肺扩散全身细胞,呼气时废气排出体外。随呼吸感知身体感觉,捕捉各部位细微感受动作,不作思考判断。结束训练:活动手脚。每周一次个性化心理疏导,观察效果并调整方案。
1.3观察指标:治疗结束时,用NRS和PSS-14测评。两量表信效度良好,广泛应用于心理健康领域。参与者干预前后填量表,评估疼痛程度与压力情绪变化。
1.4统计学方法采用SPSS 20.0统计软件对数据进行处理,计数资料用例(%)表示,组间进行重复测量方差分析,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2结果
表1 观察组与对照组疼痛与压力情绪比较 单位:例(%)
组别 | 疼痛量表得分 | 压力量表得分 | ||
治疗前 | 治疗后 | 治疗前 | 治疗后 | |
观察组 | 6.82±0.89 | 1.56±0.25 | 54.35±3.26 | 31.96±2.06 |
对照组 | 6.73±0.78 | 2.65±0.36 | 52.62±3.86 | 42.62±2.12 |
t | 0.13 | 13.63 | 1.88 | 19.74 |
p | >0.05 | <0.01 | >0.05 | <0.01 |
结果显示,经过干预后,观察组在上述二个量表上的得分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),表明推拿联合正念冥想能显著改善公职人员的疼痛程度和压力情绪。
3 讨论
3.1 推拿与正念冥想均为非药物疗法,可缓解压力情绪。推拿通过按摩放松肌肉、促进血液循环,减轻疲劳紧张;正念冥想助公职人员暂离繁杂事务,增强抗压能力。二者结合,身心并重,有助于建立积极应对策略,提升自我管理能力。实践表明,此组合显著改善压力情绪,增强干预效果,实现身心整体提升。
3.2 应用限制与未来研究方向
首先,样本规模小可能影响结果普遍性;其次,缺乏长期跟踪数据无法确定干预持久性。未来研究应扩大样本、长期随访以评估长期效果,并探讨不同压力情绪及个体特征对干预的影响,以制定个性化精准方案。
4 小结
综上所述,推拿联合心理疗法对缓解公职人员压力情绪具有实用性。其创新在于融合传统中医与现代心理方法,形成综合健康干预模式,既利用推拿缓解身体紧张和疼痛,又结合正念冥想调整认知压力情绪。研究采用科学实验设计及严格统计分析,结果可靠且具推广价值。鉴于公职人员工作压力大,此方案实用前景广,可作为有效职业健康措施推广。
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基金项目:江西省中医药管理局科技计划项目:2024B1495
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